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Government process automation: RPA, workflow or AI agents?

How public sector and enterprise teams can choose between workflow automation, RPA and AI agents, and build an automation program that lasts.

Automation programs are now common across Australian government departments. The goal is to reduce manual effort, improve accuracy and free staff for higher-value work. Choosing the right tool for each process is what separates successful programs from stalled ones.

Three tools, three jobs

ApproachBest forWatch-outs
Workflow automationApprovals, forms and notifications between modern systems with APIsNeeds good process design
RPALegacy applications with no APIsFragile if screens change, and needs monitoring
AI agentsUnstructured inputs such as emails and documents, where judgement-like steps are neededNeeds evaluation, guardrails and human review

Building a sustainable program

  1. Create a pipeline of opportunities scored on value and complexity.
  2. Set up governance: owners, change control, security and a register of automations.
  3. Deliver in small increments and measure hours saved.
  4. Plan for support from the start, because automations need care when systems change.

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